Table of Contents



     Historical and Philosphical Issues
     AI in the 21 s t Century - W ith Historical Reflections                 1
        Max Lungarella, Fumiya Iida, Josh C. Bongard, and Rolf Pfeifer

     The Physical Symbol System Hypothesis: Status and Prospects             9
        Nils J. Nilsson

     Fifty Years of AI: From Symbols to Embodiment - and Back               18
         Luc Steels

     2006: Celebrating 75 Years of AI - History and Outlook: The Next 25
     Years                                                                  29
        Jurgen Schmidhuber

     Evolutionary Humanoid Robotics: Past, Present and Future               42
        Malachy Eaton

     Philosophical Foundations of AI                                        53
        David Vernon and Dermot Furlong

     On the Role of AI in the Ongoing Paradigm Shift within the Cognitive
     Sciences                                                               63
         Tom Froese

     Information Theory and Quantification
     On the Information Theoretic Implications of Embodiment - Principles
     and Methods                                                            76
        Rolf Pfeifer, Max Lungarella, Olaf Sporns, and Yasuo Kuniyoshi

     Development Via Information Self-structuring of Sensorimotor
     Experience and Interaction                                             87
        Chrystopher L. Nehaniv, Naeem Assif Mirza, and Lars Olsson

     How Information and Embodiment Shape Intelligent Information
     Processing                                                             99
        Daniel Polani, Olaf Sporns, and Max Lungarella

     Preliminary Considerations for a Quantitative Theory of Networked
     Embodied Intelligence                                                  112
        Fabio P. Bonsignorio
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A Quantitative Investigation into Distribution of Memory and Learning
in Multi Agent Systems with Implicit Communications                     124
   Roozbeh Daneshvar, Abdolhossein Sadeghi Marascht,
   Hossein Aminaiee, and Caro Lucas

Morphology and Dynamics
AI in Locomotion: Challenges and Perspectives of Underactuated
Robots                                                                  134
   Fumiya Iida, Rolf Pfeifer, and Andre Seyfarth
On the Task Distribution Between Control and Mechanical Systems: A
Case Study with an Amoeboid Modular Robot                               144
   Akio Ishiguro and Masahiro Shimizu
Bacteria Integrated Swimming Microrobots                                154
   Bahareh Behkam and Metin Sitti
Adaptive Multi-modal Sensors                                            164
  Kyle I. Harrington and Hava T. Siegelmann

Neurorobotics
What Can AI Get from Neuroscience?                                      174
  Steve M. Potter
Dynamical Systems in the Sensorimotor Loop: On the Interrelation
Between Internal and External Mechanisms of Evolved Robot
Behavior                                                                186
   Martin Hiilse, Steffen Wischmann, Poramate Manoonpong,
   Arndt von Twickel, and Frank Pasemann
Adaptive Behavior Control with Self-regulating Neurons                  196
  Keyan Zahedi and Frank Pasemann
Brain Area V6A: A Cognitive Model for an Embodied Artificial
Intelligence                                                            206
    Fattori Patrizia, Breveglieri Rossella, Marzocchi Nicoletta,
    Maniadakis Michail, and Galletti Claudio
The Man-Machine Interaction: The Influence of Artificial Intelligence
on Rehabilitation Robotics                                              221
   Alejandro Hernandez Arieta, Ryu Kato, Wenwei Yu, and
   Hiroshi Yokoi


Machine Intelligence, Cognition, and Natural
Language Processing
Tests of Machine Intelligence                                           232
   Shane Legg and Marcus Hutter
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A Hierarchical Concept Oriented Representation for Spatial Cognition
in Mobile Robots                                                           243
   Shrihari Vasudevan, Stefan Gachter, Ahad Harati, and
   Roland Siegwart

Anticipation and Future-Oriented Capabilities in N atural and Artificial
Cognition                                                                  257
   Giovanni Pezzulo

Computer-Supported Human-Human Multilingual Communication                  271
  Alex Waibel, Keni Bernardin, and Matthias Wolfel

Human-Like Intelligence: Motivation, Emotions, a nd
Consciousness
A Paradigm Shift in Artificial Intelligence: Why Social Intelligence
Matters in the Design and Development of Robots with Human-Like
Intelligence                                                               288
    Kerstin Dautenhahn

Intrinsically Motivated Machines                                           303
    Frederic Kaplan and Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Curious and Creative Machines                                              315
   Hod Lipson

Applying Data Fusion in a Rational Decision Making with Emotional
Regulation                                                                 320
   Benjamin Fonooni, Behzad Moshiri, and Caro Lucas

How t o Build Consciousness into a Robot: The Sensorimotor
Approach                                                                   332
  J. Kevin O'Regan

Robot Platforms
A Human-Like Robot Torso ZAR5 with Fluidic Muscles: Toward a
Common Platform for Embodied AI                                            347
  Ivo Boblan, Rudolf Bannasch, Andreas Schulz, and Hartmut Schwenk

The iCub Cognitive Humanoid Robot: An Open-System Research
Platform for Enactive Cognition                                            358
   Giulio Sandini, Giorgio Metta, and David Vernon

Intelligent Mobile Manipulators in Industrial Applications: Experience
and Challenges                                                             370
    Hansruedi Fru'h, Philipp Keller, and Tino Perucchi
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Art and AI
The Dynamic Darwinian Diorama: A Landlocked Archipelago Enhances
Epistemology                                                       386
   Adrianne Wortzel

Author Index                                                       399